The Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln - 2294 Words

As the 16th President of America, Abraham Lincoln made many achievements in restructuring our country. Elected in 1861, Lincoln struggled to keep our nation whole, as state after state seceded from the union. Starting with South Carolina and ending with Tennessee, eleven states separated mainly because of their social and political disagreements regarding slavery. While Lincoln made clear efforts to strengthen the union as a whole during his presidency, some may argue that in doing so, he divided the nation, as well. Lincoln was born in 1809 in Kentucky, but moved several times before settling in Illinois in his 20’s. His mother died when he was only nine years old, leaving him and his sister behind (White, R.C., 2009). His father abandoned them to go find a new wife back in Kentucky. He returned six months later with his new wife, Sarah. Lincoln made an instant connection with his stepmother. She, like Lincoln’s deceased mother, believed that education was of great imp ortance and made the children attend school. This only lasted a few short weeks, but Sarah still supported Lincoln with his scholarly endeavors. Lincoln loved to read and write, so Sarah bought Lincoln the necessary materials for him to continue to strengthen his skills. It was not long before these basic skills developed into his interests in politics and law. He obtained his license to practice in 1836 and soon became a respected lawyer (White, R.C., 2009). Ten years later he took a turn towards politicsShow MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1958 Words   |  8 PagesLeadership and Legacy: Background Research Paper Abraham Lincoln By:Audrey Knight Introduction Great leader and main topic Abraham Lincoln lived in the 1800’s where he accomplished many things in his 54 years of life. He lived in the U.S. through several major events in history and left a legacy that will never be forgotten. As the 16th president of the United States he brought about the emancipation of slavery, preserved the Union during the Civil War, and served the people. His heroic leadershipRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln933 Words   |  4 PagesSynopsis Regarded as one of the United States of America greatest heroes, Abraham Lincoln is famous for his unique appeal and incredible impact on the nation. He was the United States 16th president. His story is an astounding one rising from a humble background to become the most powerful man the land. However, at the time when his country needed him most, a tragic and sudden death strikes him. He is assassinated. He left a legacy that endured due to his unique humane personality as a leader of the unionRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1217 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln was born in the year 1809 on February 12th in the town of Hardin County, Kentucky to Thomas and Nancy Lincoln. Growing up Lincoln had no proper education, consequently he read books and educated himself. During Lincoln’s young adult years, he worked a various number of jobs as a shopkeeper, surveyor, and a postmaster. In 1832, Lincoln became a captain of the Hawk War against the Native Americans. Shortly a fter the war was over, he began his political career and was elected to theRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln Essay2383 Words   |  10 PagesReport Name Abraham Lincoln paved a path of equality and freedom for slaves and people of the 1800s as well as having a major impact on society and government; Abraham Lincoln s engagement with the public people skyrocketed his career as being a president and a suitable leader to the people of the United States of America. Born on February 12th, 1809 in Hardin County, Kentucky, Abraham Lincoln in his later years would be known as one of the most influential leaders of all time. Abraham Lincoln was bornRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1817 Words   |  8 Pagesmore than any of these other men: Abraham Lincoln, the man who freed the slaves. Abraham Lincoln, born February 12, 1809 in Hodgenville, Kentucky, is widely considered to be one of the greatest presidents to have ever been in office. During the course of his presidency, Lincoln not only lead the Union during the Civil War and tried to unify the nation through a harsh time of crisis, conflict, and bloodshed: through his beliefs, his example and his legacy, Lincoln freed the slaves, gave them the rightRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln Essay2382 Words   |  10 PagesAbraham Lincoln paved a path of equality and freedom for slaves and people of the 1800s as well as having a major impact on society and government; Abraham Lincoln s engagement with the public people skyrocketed his career as being a president and a suitable leader to the people of the United States of America. Born on February 12th, 1809 in Hardin County, Kentucky, Abraham Lincoln in his later years would be known as one of the most influential leaders of all time. Abraham Lincoln was born intoRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1826 Words   |  8 Pages Abraham Lincoln’s victory in the 1860 presidential election, was a beacon of hope for many slaves in America. Becoming the 16th president of the United States serving from 1861 to 1865, Abraham Lincoln is one of America’s most celebrated heroes. Holding office during the years of the American Civil War, Lincoln preserved the Union, while creating a new era that consisted of emancipated African American slaves. After winning a victory at the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862, he issuedRead MoreLegacy Of Abraham Lincoln s Legacy Essay1582 Words   |  7 PagesLegacy Leader: Abraham Lincoln A legacy leader is someone who has left a positive and lasting impression in society due to his or her leadership qualities and/or traits. Abraham Lincoln is a prime example of a legacy leader due to the leadership traits he displayed throughout his presidency. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States. He exhibited great leadership qualities such as integrity, duty, and selfless service. Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation and hisRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1500 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln has been studied more than any other in American history. In fact, over 15,000 different books have been written about our 16th president. Throughout the pages of these books, President Lincoln is affectionately referred to by many different names, such as the Railsplitter, Honest Abe, and the Great Emancipator. A vast majority of these written works honor Lincoln as one of our greatest presidents. Not everyone feels that way, however. Charles Adams, in his book, When in the CourseRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1292 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln has been called the greatest president in all of American history. His principles were dedicated to the survival of the United States during one of the most gruesome and bloody wars in the country s history, the American Civil War. During his presidency, he fought for the emancipation of slaves because he believed the institution of slavery was morally unjust. His ideals, which appealed to the founding principles of the country, energized and mobilized the union and kept it alive

A Critical Corporate Social Responsibility - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the A Critical Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Ethical Issue Various ethical issues related to garment industry in Indian have been discussed in the documentary Blood, Sweat T-shirt. The ethical issues are associated with the worst condition of the Indian garment industry. The miserable condition is everywhere, starting from the working environment of the garment industry, the behavior of the management of the top class garment industry in Delhi, cheapest labor and poor wages and illegal child employment (Shibboleth Authentication Request, 2017). These are the common problem in the Indian garment industry; especially the poor wages of the workers and sometimes it is seen that in some of the factories, children below the age of 18 are working, which is illegal in Indian subcontinent. A group of high street fashion victims starts to explore the Indian garment industry. They want to know the cloths that they wear, how is it made and who made that? They come to India and visit some of the garment factories in India. They start to live and earn li ke a garment labor of India. While they visited the top class garment factory in New Delhi, they have faced poor wages of the workers and miserable and non-friendly attitude of the management. After that, they came to a backstreet workshop in West Delhi where many migrant tailors work. Here the main ethical issues that were discussed are poor working condition of the labor and very basic payment. Here the workers can work up to 15 hours a day; however, they earn as little as 15 pence per garment (Shibboleth Authentication Request, 2017). Poor wage and cheap labor were the similar problem in the cotton firm of Hariyana. The major ethical issue faced by this six people was child labor, which was shown when this group visit Dharivi situated in the Business city Mumbai and the largest slum in Asia. Broad View of Corporate Social Responsibility The Broad view of the CSR is involved with taking responsibilities towards the community and society apart from fulfilling tier primary objective, which is profit maximization in business (Carroll, 2015). Every corporate should be obliged to fulfill its duty for the society, community and environment. Broad view of Corporate Social Responsibility captures the effort of the corporate to make the condition of the society better. In this broad view, the corporate want to address the negative side of the society and eradicate the problem by their business practices. This view opposes the classical view of the CSR and incorporates the socio-economic perspective of the business. This view also considers that the business organization is part of our society. Therefore, it should fulfill its responsibilities by performing the duties towards the society apart from the profit maximization (Crane, Matten Spence, 2013). Financial aspect of the business or the profit maximization does not necess arily fulfill the responsibilities and liabilities of towards the society. Narrow View of Corporate Social Responsibility Narrow view of the CSR considers the only goal of the business organizations and entities is to maximize their profit. This is the classical view regarding the social liabilities in businesses. According to this view, the companies are the business entities and economic organization, which want to make profit (Schwartz Saiia, 2012). They consider their goal towards the society is to provide the best possible services and necessary goods and in return, they will create the maximum amount of profit, which should e provided to the shareholders. According to the Noble Prize Winner and Economist Milton Friedman, the unique responsibility of the managers of the firms is to operate the business operation in such a way that satisfies the shareholders interest (Carroll Buchholtz, 2014). The maximization of the profit should coincide with satisfaction of the shareholders. The clothing retailers who buy goods from the Indian factory incorporate a narrow view of Corporate Social Responsibility. They buy cloths in exchange of money. The retailers only show their profits and maximize their profit in any way. They never consider the social responsibilities and well-being of the workers of the Indian factory. They consider themselves as the economic organization and engage in business to create maximum amount of profit, which would be distributed among the shareholders of the business. Argument that justifies the Narrow View One of the arguments that are used to justify taking the narrow view of the corporate social responsibility is the invisible hand argument. In this argument, Adam Smith has discussed that in the free market, business organization should promote their profit-based self-interest where economy leads a major role (Hack, Kenyon Wood, 2014). According to him, in acting like this, the business organization is guided by an invisible-hand (Schwartz Saiia, 2012). The corporations are made to fulfill the business of their own and that is the greatest responsibility of them. However, forcing the corporation about fulfilling their CSR duty will reduce their capability to produce the material requirement of the society and in an evitable result; they will fail to fulfill our well-being, as their essential responsibility is to satisfy the material needs of the society. The corporations have their economic goals and fulfilling that goal will help them to satisfy their social duty. They do not need to satisfy their moral goal. By fulfilling the economic goal the organization, promote the general good and well-being of the society in anyway. Thus, the organizations are performing the social responsibility. Argument that justifies the Broad View Argument that justifies the broad view of the CSR is that with great power it is expected from an organization to perform grate responsibilities towards society. Organizations in the todays world are large and powerful, influential entities. They have huge economic power. With the power, the organizations are bound to behave ethically as responsibilities should come with huge power (Carroll Buchholtz, 2014). The ethical behavior includes making social well-being and doing welfare for the society. The broad view of the CSR encompasses the social responsibility of the corporate organization. The narrow view of the CSR could be applied in the documentary Blood Sweat T-shirt in a way that the shareholders or managers of the Indian garment factories are more concerned about making their own profit. However, the invisible hand theory could best be applied in the free market economy and in this case; India is a mixed market economy. The business organizations of the garment industry of India are more interested to fulfill their own profit-based business interest where economy leads a major role. As the actions and roles of the private garment industry owners of India are only concerned to make their own profit by minimizing the wages of the workers and providing poor working environment, thus the theory of the Adam Smith could be applied in these factors of the documentary. In this case, the invisible hand is related to create a garment business chain in Indian free market economy where the business holders are export their goods internationally and in this way the invisible hand help them to make their own profit. These organizations of India are doing well-being in the society by fulfilling their own economic goals according to the theory of Adam Smith. The broad view of the CSR could be applied in the documentary Blood Sweat and T-shirt in a way that individual is acting like an economic organization and contributing towards the well-being of the society. In the documentary, no national or international corporate organizations take the initiatives to help the poor child labor of Indian factory. The employment of the child labor is seen in Dharivi, which is the largest slum of Asia and many workers including some children work in the garment factories located in Dharivi. Amrita and Stacy in this documentary have acted like an organization and started to collect money to help in the education and well-being of the poor children in India who worked as the labors in the garment industry. The broad view of the CSR discussed in this paper encompasses the responsibilities of the business organizations towards the well-being of the society. In the documentary, Stacy and Amrita who live in the developed country sell some products and make m oney to help the children of India, which takes the broad view of the CSR. Ethics of Care The Ethics of Care is part of the normative ethical theory, which states that interpersonal relationships and benevolence is the centre of moral action. Some of the beliefs in this theory are interpersonal dependence of the human being in society (Crane Matten, 2016). The broad view of the CSR discussed in this paper could be related to the ethics of care as the broad view encompasses the interpersonal relationship between Amrita and Stacy with the poor children in India who would work as child labor in the garment factories in India. In the documentary, all the six members have felt about the poor labor condition of the garment industry. Among them, especially Amrita and Stacy have tried to organize some money that could be helpful for the education of the Indian child labor. The interpersonal relationship and the moral action of benevolence in the members of the foreign group and their contribution towards the Indian society in the documentary correlate the ethics of care and the broad view of the CSR. Professional Moral Obligations The business professional should have some responsibilities and duties towards the society and well-being of the Individual according to the broad view of the CSR (Hack, Kenyon Wood, 2014). These responsibilities are their professional moral obligation. The moral obligations of the professionals could make a difference to the lives of the Indian workers. If the business professionals employ money towards the development of the basic life style or in the education of the workers that would be helpful for them to grow and lead a comfortable life. The working condition and the wages of the Indian workers are very bad. The business professionals who are the part of the society and could behave like the economic organization should be obliged to fulfill some of the moral responsibilities towards the well-being of the society. the Indian workers are also the part of the society and they do not have money for leading their basic life style. The business professionals in this scenario could provide their help towards the welfare of the workers. As a professional business person I could influence the changes of the Indian workers and I would feel that it is my responsibility to help others. References Carroll, A. B. (2015). Corporate social responsibility.Organizational dynamics,44(2), 87-96. Carroll, A., Buchholtz, A. (2014).Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education. Crane, A., Matten, D. (2016).Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Crane, A., Matten, D., Spence, L. J. (2013). Corporate social responsibility in a global context. Hack, L., Kenyon, A. J., Wood, E. H. (2014). A Critical Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Timeline: how should it be understood now.International Journal of Management Cases,16(4), 46-55. Schwartz, M. S., Saiia, D. (2012). Should firms go beyond profits? Milton Friedman versus broad CSR.Business and Society Review,117(1), 1-31. Shibboleth Authentication Request. (2017).Edutv-informit-com-au.ezproxy.csu.edu.au. Retrieved 17 December 2017, from https://edutv-informit-com-au.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/watch-screen.php?videoID=30312

The Lost Secret of Descriptive Essay Topics for College Students

The Lost Secret of Descriptive Essay Topics for College Students Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Descriptive Essay Topics for College Students Is Wrong Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't difficult to discover. In any case, direct and indirect quotes are essential to support your understanding of academic writing style. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics since you need opposing points you can counter to your own points. F. Bacon The main goal of the capital isn't to get as much money as possible, yet to guarantee that money causes a better life. You are able to observe a list of 25 topics you can pick from the one which best fits your assignment. If you need to compose your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out. If you're looking for tips about how to compose a descriptive essay, you've come to the correct location. Bear in mind you can make funny argumentative essays if you do a few things. Though, there are specific patterns that you are supposed to follow when you compose a descriptive essay. Don't panic if you are not able to receive your descriptive essay right. An argumentative essay is a certain sort of academic writing. It requires you to decide on a topic and take a position on it. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. What's more, it is possible to also discuss positive or negative advantages of some particular law. Your professor or client reads a lot of essays and a great majority are written by men and women who like to play it safe. If you're in a college and need to compose an argumentative essay, you should select a subject of high importance. The Debate Over Descriptive Essay Topics for College Students You will be assigned a topic, or your professor will permit you to select your own. In terms of the subject area, it's best fits Social Sciences subject location. College is for a high amount of study. Students ought to be permitted to pray in school. Arguments always happen in a particular context. Therefore, for your coursework, you're want to have the very best ideas. Finding a topic all on your own is quite mind-torturing. Deciding on your topic isn't that easy. The New Fuss About Descriptive Essay Topics for College Students The aim of such essays isn't to demonstrate your knowledge, yet to exhibit the crucial thinking and analytical skills. If as you are preparing a report you merely analyze specific literature, the essay demands a superb penetration into the issue. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. Argumentative essay is about arguing and debating on a subject, which is debatable. With our company, your assignment will acquire high marks not based on the argumentative essay topics you opt for. Besides general knowledge you have regarding this issue, you won't mind dedicating some opportunity to research, writing procedure, and other elements essential for the high-quality essay. One particular important and appropriate subject is technology. There's no arguing about the degree of difficulty of academic process alongside its influence on a student's life. You don't need to acquire super technical with legal argumentative essays, but make sure to do your homework on what the recent laws about your favorite topic actually say. Canadian students need to deal with the exact same problem of selecting engaging argumentative essay topics as the remainder of the world. So be sure that you decide on a subject, which has values in it. The topic has to be based on a great evidence base. A great topic will ensure it is simpler to pursue the purpose of an argumentative essay, which is, clearly, the entire investigation of the problem you speak about. The key to select a very good topic for an argumentative essay is to choose a subject where there's a lot of debates on topics or stances.

Finding Economic Geography Paper Topics That Students Can Learn

Finding Economic Geography Paper Topics That Students Can LearnStudents love geography paper topics because these are generally easy to read and understand. You can also pick up the ideas in geography easier than a lot of other subjects. Geography is a great subject for students to learn because it is not only about knowing where one is located, but also how to go about finding the best place to live.With a good class on geography, you will also be able to teach them some interesting facts about the earth that many people don't know. They will know how much the world's land mass is and which countries use the most land. This will give students a deeper understanding of the world.There are many economic geography papers that students can choose from. Some are quite lengthy, but if they are well written, they can be interesting. Students also get a chance to study different countries, but there is no need to spend a lot of time with the topic. They will be able to get enough informatio n on the subject matter through the overviews and summary sections of the paper.Some students like working on economic geography paper topics. It will give them a good introduction to the topic and will help them to work on it when they are just getting started. By spending some time with the topic, they will be able to learn more.While economic geography is a great topic for students to learn, it is not a topic that every student can write about. This is because this subject has more complicated aspects than some other types of topics. As such, students should not shy away from trying to write about it.Great economic geography paper topics can be created through research and should have a lot of examples. There are several software programs that can be used to create such topics, but some teachers may not be comfortable using them. In this case, they can hire a freelancer who can do the job for them.Students can also use economic news to study. By looking at financial news stories, they will be able to see how other countries are doing economically. This will help them decide what countries to study next, as well as why a certain country is doing so well.Students can also choose to write about economics or economic geography as their subject. This will give them a great opportunity to create the type of paper topics that will interest them. These are great topics for students to learn about and also to write about.

How to Think of an Event to Write About For a College Essay

How to Think of an Event to Write About For a College EssayHow to think of an event to write about for a college essay is easy enough. There are plenty of great ideas that come from different topics of the occasion, be it your upcoming wedding, graduation, the visit of a grandparent, or even a trip to a favorite vacation spot.For each different event, write a few paragraphs to define it, the people who will attend, and the time of the event. Write the entry yourself, then go over and give a more detailed description and further ideas for the essay topic.In addition to the events that are mentioned in the event, or the event will vary. For example, if your birthday is coming up, you can research the history of birthdays to write about the subject and how to think of an event to write about for a college essay.This information may be published or used in your other writing. There are countless ways that you can use this information, be it writing a history article about your family or perhaps writing a book with a scientific basis. All of these ideas can be easily summed up into an essay topic.You can also write an event in the context of your current life. Take a look at your life and see how much fun you are having at the moment. Does your relationship or activity seem to be going in a better direction?Writing about the direction in which your life is headed can be helpful in many ways. At the same time, you may be able to gain insight into the future in a single event. For example, if you are on a particular mission, the thoughts of that event may help you to formulate plans for the future.The events that you write about in a college essay will help you determine the type of person you will become. If you already know about yourself, it will help you become more focused and purposeful. However, if you still have to determine yourself, an event may be a great place to start.

Social Networking Privacy Issues - Sample Essay

Social Networking Privacy Issues - Sample EssaySocial networking privacy issues can be quite difficult to get your thoughts down on paper. Sometimes people end up making up some social networking copyright claims that they know nothing about. This is not necessarily a bad thing, but you should know that your lawyer will know about those claims. The Internet is full of people claiming to have made copyright claims against other people.What they do not realize is that they are infringing upon their right to use that work. They feel that this infringes upon their rights as copyright owners. That is not the case.Copyright laws protect anyone who owns their own copyrights. They have to protect themselves as well. The use of someone else's work does not constitute copyright infringement.Everyone should remember that they own their own rights. If they use another's work without permission they could be in trouble. Some people think that they can copy and paste someone else's copyrighted wor k and call it their own. They are wrong.It is common knowledge that you cannot 'own' someone else's copyright. If someone else makes a claim against you they can sue you for patent infringement. Patent infringement happens when someone has done work with your idea but you did not patent it. If you have not patented the idea and someone has sued you for patent infringement, you may have to pay them for their use of your idea.You should know that someone who is suing you over a social networking copyright infringement has no intention of paying you the amount of money they are claiming to have lost due to you copying their work. You do not need to get into a long legal battle with them.Writing a sample essay is not hard. As long as you know what you are writing and you are confident in your ability to write it, it is all in your head. You will need a good legal team to help you out with this process.

Strategic Innovation and Technology Management

The Innovation Case Introduction The audio music industry is a diverse and dynamic environment where innovations take place rapidly. The record music labels found themselves faced with fierce competition when Fraunhofer in Germany developed an algorithm that enabled music to be compressed and distributed as MP3.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Strategic Innovation and Technology Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Later, Shawn Fanning, a student, developed Napster that enabled people to share music files through the internet. This led to high levels of music piracy. The record companies had to delve into the technology using iTunes where customers would purchase and buy music legally. The record companies had to decide whether to make iTunes technology open for use by other companies. Innovation There were certain audio innovations that took place in the industry. These innovations were spurred on by the customer’s increasing demand to share music. In 1991, a German called Fraunhofer IIS invented the MP3, a technology that enabled music to be compressed to a tenth of its size. The compression did not have an adverse effect on the quality of the record. This enabled the people to share and distribute music easily. As people shared their music online, the use of the MP3, grew by huge numbers. Many other companies aiming to cash in on the innovation decided to produce different variants of the MP3. Fraunhofer had two choices, to patent the innovation in order to prevent other companies from cashing in on his profits or let the companies use the innovation. The consumers are the major stakeholders who benefited from the innovation as they were able to share music online. In 1999, Shawn Fanning, a student at Northeastern campus of Boston, came up with a software program that enabled customers with internet access to share the mp3 files. The software was very friendly having a sea rch box enabling someone to look for another person in the network with whom to share music. The software did not have a database filled with the mp3 music rather it was filled with people who were in possession of different kinds of music. The consumers demanded the interchange of music over the net. People had started trading the copyright materials via the internet. When Napster was shut down through legal action by the record companies, parallel companies cropped up. The music companies had no choice but to respond to market demand.The music labels teamed up to provide Music tunes and Press play. These services enabled people to download music from the net legally.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However the people preferred the illegal sites that had cropped up after Napster was shut down. The music labels did not have a great selection of music like the unauthorised s ites. Furthermore the music labels used digital rights management systems that were not user friendly. ITunes came to be developed where the people could play music in MP3 formats in iPods made by the Apple Company. Later other companies wanted to play ITunes in their iPods. Apple had to decide whether to work with other companies. By entering into contracts with these companies, they would get to sell their music and receive some commission from the companies. In playing non-iTunes music the Apple Company gets to get exposure to other markets and in the process they may get to sell their music. The success of the iPod and iTunes will depend on how the company keeps innovation, providing different and improved products as the market demand changes and the frequency of competitors offering different and improved products. The musicians by selling their copyright rights allowing their music to be downloaded and freely distributed see the advantages of getting a fan base and publicity as better than retaining their copyrights. Podcasting has had a great impact on the radio industry. The consumers now have the power of choice to determine what they will listen to, either traditional radio stations or podcasts. This will definitely cause the radio stations be more innovative in order to retain their customers. Lessons Learnt A firm in any technological market must make a decision whether to protect their innovation or not. There are advantages in protecting the innovation as one gets rent from its use. However not protecting the technology can also be advantageous since other companies in using the technology market the firm’s products((Hurmelinna-Laukkanen and Ritala, 2010). It is wiser to protect technologies that are not easily copied. The company has to analyse whether protecting the technology is appropriate for protection or not (Hurmelinna-Laukkanen and Puumalainen, 2007) A company may use patents, copyrights and trademarks and trade secret to protect its innovation (Karjala, 2011). In Patenting, other companies are prevented from using the innovation or technology. Getting a trademark prevents other companies from using the symbol or name that the firm uses in its trading activities. Copyrights on the other hand helps artists protect their music, writings or art from illegal use and distribution (King, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Strategic Innovation and Technology Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In a trade secret, the firm decides to conceal their manufacturing process or details that usually would be mandatory to reveal while registering a patent. Fraunhofer in Germany decide to work with other companies in the marketing and selling of MP3. He did not patent the technology recognising that other companies could easily produce their version of the software. Sometimes it is better when other people imitate the innovation since they c an make software that is an improvement (Shenkar, 2011) The music record companies worked with other companies enabling their non-iPods to support the iTunes music. At times open innovation markets turn out to be profitable in terms of marketing and sales (OECD, 2008) .The musicians decided to sell their copyrights in open forums to their fans to get publicity and cut marketing costs. Defining Strategy Introduction Genzyme is a huge company in the biotechnical industry. In 2008, it had revenues of over $4,6 Billion. It has over 10,000 employees in over 40 countries. Its portfolio of companies includes 17 manufacturing and several genetic laboratory testing facilities. The reason for the company’s success is its choice to focus on the production of drugs that treat very rare but life threatening diseases. The company’s strategic choice made it grow and earn high profits. The work before them was hard but they managed to do it and excel to get very high returns. Defining Strategy Genzyne strategic decision has enabled it to face few or hardly any competitors. There are very few companies that are willing to focus on the research and sale of drugs that can be used to treat rare and life threatening diseases. Secondly the company will be able to do target small scale marketing since the patients were few. The company would be able to cut the marketing costs considerably. Pharmaceutical companies incur high marketing costs in large sales labour force and promotion costs while selling their drugs. The number of physicians who treated these rare diseases are also few so the company can market and sell the drugs directly to the customers therefore cutting costs. The insurance companies would also not be able to resist at all on any grounds the reimbursement of the costs to its patients since the patients are few. First of all since the process of developing a drug in the industry took around ten to fourteen years. The research costs were more than $800 t o conduct trials in the clinic, get the approval of FDA and bring to the customers the drugs. Most companies wanted to focus on the common chronic diseases since the sales would be in billions. The companies wanted a mass market. The customer do have less or no bargaining power when buying orphan drugs since the companies that sell such drugs are very few. Focusing on the orphan drugs definitely affects the kind of resources and capabilities that a company may need. The highest costs will be research since it will take a longer time to develop these drugs. The company need also highly skilled engineers and bio technicians to develop the drugs.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The biggest investment will be research and labour costs. Genzyme strategic focus on orphan drugs is a great idea and sustainable in the long term. The statistics for their drug, Cerezyne is astounding. The patients in the country who take the drug pay over $ 170,000 in a year. 4,500 patients take the drug for life leading to sales of over $800 million. Competitors and marketing costs are reduced efficiently ensuring they will always have high sales for their products. The company diversified into other areas of medicine so that they could remain independent and get all the profits from the sale of their drugs. The company therefore decided to do its own testing, manufacturing and sales of the drugs. To fund the costs the company strategically started a genetic counselling centre, chemical supplies and diagnostic testing businesses. The company went public to raise money through the stock exchange and they were able to get over $27Million. Ever since the orphan drug act was passed, more companies have entered into this market to take advantage of tax allowances offered by the government. The company in the future will need to analyse and develop drugs for diseases that are extremely rare so as to be able to have few competitors and survive. Lessons Learnt For a company to have a competitive advantage in the industry, it must appraise its market and the competition. It has to appraise its core capabilities, strengths, weaknesses, competitive advantages, threats and opportunities. It has to carry out a SWOT analysis. Porter has proposed five things that a company needs to look at. This is the degree of existing rivalry, threats of potential entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, threats of substitutes and bargaining power of the buyers (Mindtools Editors, n,d). There are three generic models a company can use. The company may differentiate products, target to lower costs of production or do both in a niche market(Proven models Editors, n,d) Genzyme opted to pr oduce differentiated products. Genzyme was able to analyse its market and its sustainable core competencies. It chose a market where the competition was low, the entrants in the market were also consistently low and the buyers did not have high bargaining power to affect the sales prices. Their strategic analysis and actions paid off. Comparison of the two cases The two case studies focus on innovation management. The audio companies are forced with choices on innovation management while Genzyme has to choose which technology to invest. In whatever category a company is in, it has to be strategic in making decisions. References Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P Ritala, P (2010) â€Å"Protection for profiting from collaborative service innovation†. Journal of Service Management, Vol. 21, Iss 1, pp.6 – 24. Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P Puumalainen, Kaisu (2007) â€Å"Formation of the appropriability regime: Strategic and practical considerations†.  Innovation,Management, Poli cy Practice Journal, Vol 9, Iss 1,pp 28-45. Karjala, D (2011) â€Å"Protecting Innovation in Computer Software, Biotechnology, and Nanotechnology†. Virginia Journal Of Law Technology, Vol 6, No1. Web. King, K (2002).†The Value of Intellectual Property, Intangible Assets and Goodwill†.  Journal of Intellectual Property Rights, Vol 7, No 3, pp 245-249. Mind Tools Editors (n.d) â€Å"Porter’s Five Forces: Assessing the Balance of Power in a Business Situation†. Mind tools. Accessed from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_08.htm Organisation For Economic Co-Operation And Development (2008) â€Å"Open Innovation in Global Networks†. Web. Proven Models Editors (n,d) â€Å"Porter’s three generic strategies†. Proven Models. Accessed from https://www.provenmodels.com/27 Shenkar, O (2011)†The Challenge Of Imovation†. Ivey Business Journal. Web. This report on Strategic Innovation and Technology Management was written and submitted by user Bryleigh Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.